Energy security in Poland – transformation and role of nuclear energy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15290/eejtr.2022.06.02.06Keywords:
energy security, nuclear energy, nuclear lawAbstract
Currently, Poland is facing the challenge of energy transformation towards a zero-emissional energy system. In this article author presents basic assumptions of Poland’s energy security system. Moreover, a particular focus is set on replacement of coal power plant, which are currently a fundament of Polish electricity production system. Therefore, in this article is examined a several aspects of transformation of national energy mix with analise of nuclear energy as a potentially significant part of future energy security fundament. This article also presents the possibilities of implementing various types of nuclear power facilities, as well as de lege lata and de lege ferenda postulates in the Polish nuclear law.
Downloads
References
Braun, J. (2018). Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne jako dobro publiczne – miary i czynniki wpływające na jego poziom, Studia Ekonomiczne. Studia Ekonomiczne. Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Katowicach, 358, 23-32. Retrieved from: https://www.ue.katowice.pl/fileadmin/user_upload/wydawnictwo/SE_Artyku%C5%82y_341_360/SE_358/02.pdf.
Chrzan, T. (2015). Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski w zakresie energii elektrycznej. Logistyka, 4, 1-8. Retrieved from: https://depot.ceon.pl/bitstream/handle/123456789/17856/Logistyka_artyku%C5%82.1_artykul_pnr.1.d.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.
Consolidated version of the Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community, Official Journal of European Union, 2012/C 327/01.
Court of Justice of the European Union, 22.09.2020, ECLI:EU:C:2020:742.
Court of Justice of the European Union, 30.11.2022, ECLI:EU:T:2022:728.
Czwołek, A. Siemiątkowski, P. & Tomaszewski, P. (2018). Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne państwa. Towarzystwo Naukowe Organizacji i Kierownictwa. Retrieved from: https://repozytorium.umk.pl/bitstream/handle/item/5513/Bez.%20energetyczne%20wydruk%2005.12.2018-1.pdf?sequence=1.
Dabetic Ex Filipovic, M., Cvetković, V. & Nešić, S. (2017). Environmental aspects of using nuclear energy. International Yearbook. Faculty of Security, 1, 30-35.
Fritsche, U. et al. (2017). Energy and land use – global land outlook working paper. UNCCD and IRENA. http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24905.44648.
Herold, A., Siemons, A. & Wojtal, L. (2017). Climate and energy policies in Poland. Retrieved from: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2017/607335/IPOL_BRI(2017)607335_EN.pdf.
HM Government UK (2020). Energy White Paper. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/945899/201216_BEIS_EWP_Command_Paper_Accessible.pdf.
IAEA (2017). Nuclear Power for sustainable development Vienna.
IEA (2019). Nuclear Power in a Clean Energy System, IEA, Paris. Retrieved from: https://www.iea.org/reports/nuclear-power-in-a-clean-energy-system.
Kharecha, P.A. & Hansen, J.E. (2013). Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power. Environmental Science & Technology, 47, 4889−4895. https://doi.org/10.1021/es3051197.
Komunikat Komisji Europejskiej Europejski Zielony Ład, COM(2019), 640 final.
Merger Treaty, Official Journal of European Community, OJ 152, 13.7.1967.
Ministry of Climate and Environment, (2017),. Wysokotemperaturowe reaktory jądrowe chłodzone gazem (HTGR) - Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska - Portal Gov.pl. Retrieved from:https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/wysokotemperaturowe-reaktory-jadrowe-chlodzone-gazem-htgr.
Ministry of Climate and Environment, (2021), „Polska Strategia Wodorowa do roku 2030 z perspektywą do roku 2040” opublikowana w Monitorze Polskim - Ministerstwo Klimatu i Środowiska - Portal Gov.pl. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.pl/web/klimat/polska-strategia-wodorowa-do-roku-2030-z-perspektywa-do-roku-2040-opublikowana-w-monitorze-polskim.
Morrison, C. (2015). French nuclear power history – the unknown story. Energy Transition. Retrieved from: https://energytransition.org/2015/03/french-nuclear-power-history/.
Nowacki, T. (2014). Nuclear Power Programme for Poland – Establishing the Legal Framework, [w:] Nuclear Law in the EU and Beyond – Atomrecht in Deutschland, der EU und weltweit. Proceedings of the AIDN/INLA Regional Conference 2013 in Leipzig, red: C. Raetzke, Nomos Verlag, Baden-Baden 2014
Nowak, Z. (2019). Atomowa duma Francuzów. Gazeta Wyborcza. Retrieved from: https://wyborcza.pl/1,75399,16600329,Atomowa_duma_Francuzow.html.
Peterson P.F., Zhao, H. & Petroski, R. (2005). Metal and Concrete Inputs For several Nuclear Power Plants, University of Berkeley. Retrieved from: https://fhr.nuc.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/05-001-A_Material_input.pdf.
Polish Press Agency (2021). TOGETAIR: moc offshore prawdopodobnie przekroczy 11 GW zakładane w PEP2040 - Serwis informacyjny (cire.pl). Retrieved from: https://www.cire.pl/item,216040,1,0,0,0,0,0,togetair-moc-offshore-prawdopodobnie-przekroczy-11-gw-zakladane-w-pep2040.html.
Polish Prime Minister (2021), Joint letter by seven state leaders to EU Commission on the role of nuclear power in EU climate and energy policy - Kancelaria Prezesa Rady Ministrów - Portal Gov.pl. Retrieved from: https://www.gov.pl/web/premier/joint-letter-by-seven-state-leaders-to-eu-commission-on-the-role-of-nuclear-power-in-eu-climate-and-energy-policy.
Polityka Energetyczna Polski do 2040 r., M.P. 2021, poz. 264.
Ruszel, M. & Podmiotko, S. (Eds) (2019). Bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Polski i Europy. Instytut Polityki Energetycznej im. I. Łukasiewicza.
Uchwała Rady Ministrów z dnia 2 października 2020 r. w sprawie aktualizacji programu wieloletniego pod nazwą „Program polskiej energetyki jądrowej”. M.P. 2020, poz. 946.
Ustawa z dnia 10 kwietnia 1997 r. Prawo energetyczne, Dz.U. 1997 Nr 54 poz. 348.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Piotr Betkowski
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
1. The Author declares that he or she has created the written work and holds exclusive and unlimited copyright /both moral and property rights/ and guarantees that no third parties have rights to the work.
2. In the view of the Copyright and Related Rights Act, a work must fulfill the following criterion:
a) be a manifestation of creative work,
b) have an individual character („author’s personal stamp”),
c) have a set form.
3. The Author declares that the text has not been previously published (under the same or different title, or as a part of another publication).
4. The Author allows (grants a non-exclusive license) the publishing house of University of Białystok to use the scholarly text to:
- preserve and multiply by means of any technique; save in a digital form with no limitations as to the manner and form of digital preservation;
- upload online with no limitations as to the place and time of access.
5. The Author grants consent for editorial changes made in the work.
6. The Author grants the University of Białystok rights free of charge for the duration of property copyright with no territory limits. The University has the right to grant sublicenses in the acquired rights.
7. Granting a non-exclusive license allows the Author to preserve their rights and allows other parties to make use of the work according to sublicensing agreement with provisions identical as those of Attribution 4.0 Internacional License (CC BY 4.0), available online at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. License to all its content published from 2023 and CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 to all its content published from 2017 to 2022.
8. The Agreement has been concluded for an indefinite period of time.
9. Because of costs born in preparation of the work for publishing, the Parties oblige themselves to act in good faith and refrain from declining to grant licenses.
10. To all matters not settled herein, provisions of the Civil Code and Copyright and Related Rights Act of 1994, February 4 shall apply.
11. All disputes shall be resolved by a court of local jurisdiction for the place of seat of University of Białystok.